Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, lo ngumbuzo oye waphakanyiswa ngabantu abaninzi ngakumbi.Ngokutsho kwe-Arhente yeZizwe eziManyeneyo, ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga kwihlabathi kwi-2020 kwakuyi-156 terawatt-hours.Ngokutsho kurhulumente wase-UK, i-UK ivelisa ngaphezu kwe-megawatts ye-13,400. yamandla kwaye inezigidi ezingaphezulu kwesigidi ezifakiweyo.Ufakelo lwepaneli zeSolar nalo lukhule ngokumangalisayo nge-1.6% ukusuka ku-2020 ukuya ku-2021.Ngokutsho kweResearchandMarkets.com, imarike yelanga kulindeleke ukuba ikhule nge-20.5% ukuya kwi-222.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (i-164 yeebhiliyoni zeedola) ukusuka 2019 ukuya 2026.
Ngokutsho kwengxelo ethi "Guardian", i-UK ngoku ijongene nengxaki yebhilidi yamandla, kwaye iibhilikhwe zinganyuka nge-50%.Umlawuli wamandla wase-UK u-Ofgem ubhengeze ukwanda kwexabiso lexabiso lamandla (ubuninzi bemali umthengisi wamandla ingahlawulisa) ukusuka nge-1 ka-Epreli 2022.Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu abaninzi bafuna ukufumana okuninzi kwimali yabo xa kufikwa kubaboneleli bamandla kunye nemithombo yamandla efana nelanga.Kodwa ngaba iiphaneli zelanga zifanelekile?
Iiphaneli zelanga, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-photovoltaics (PV), zineeseli ezininzi ze-semiconductor, ezidla ngokwenziwa ngesilicon. idlula kwezi seli zineleya, ibangela ukuba ii-electron zidlule kumaleko kwaye zenze intlawulo yombane.Ngokungqinelana ne-Energy Saving Trust, le ntlawulo inokuqokelelwa kwaye igcinwe kwizixhobo zombane zasendlwini.
Ubungakanani bamandla avela kwimveliso ye-PV yelanga inokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bayo kunye nendawo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo iphaneli nganye ivelisa i-200-350 watts ngosuku, kwaye inkqubo nganye ye-PV iqukethe iipaneli ze-10 ukuya kwi-15. Umyinge wendlu yase-UK okwangoku usebenzisa phakathi kwe-8 kunye I-10 kilowatts ngosuku, ngokuhambelana newebhusayithi yokuthelekisa amandla UKPower.co.uk.
Umahluko omkhulu wemali phakathi kwamandla aqhelekileyo kunye namandla elanga yindleko yangaphambili yokufakela inkqubo ye-photovoltaic yelanga.Lo ngumlinganiselo wobungakanani benkqubo yasekhaya yase-UK kwaye ifuna malunga ne-15 ukuya kwi-20 square metres [malunga ne-162 ukuya kwi-215 square feet] panels,” UBrian Horn, onolwazi oluphezulu kunye nomcebisi wohlalutyo kwi-Energy Efficiency Trust, uxelele i-LiveScience kwi-imeyile.
Nangona ixabiso eliphezulu lokuqala, ubomi obuqhelekileyo bokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-PV yelanga ijikeleze iminyaka eyi-30-35, nangona abanye abavelisi babanga ixesha elide, ngokutsho kweOfisi yokuSebenza kwamandla kunye nokuVuselelwa kwamandla.
ibhanki yebhetri yephaneli yelanga
Kukho nenketho yokutyalomali kwiibhetri ukuvuna nawaphi na amandla angaphezulu avelisiweyo yi-solar photovoltaic system.Okanye ungayithengisa.
Ukuba inkqubo ye-photovoltaic ivelisa umbane ongaphezulu kunokusebenzisa ikhaya lakho, kunokwenzeka ukuthengisa amandla angaphezulu kubaxhasi bamandla phantsi kwe-Smart Export Guarantee (SEG) .SEG ifumaneka kuphela eNgilani, eScotland naseWales.
Phantsi kwesikimu, iinkampani zamandla ezohlukeneyo zibeka imirhumo kwixabiso ezikulungeleyo ukuthenga umbane ogqithileyo kwinkqubo yakho yelanga ye-PV kunye neminye imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo efana nee-hydro okanye iiinjini zomoya.Umzekelo, ukusukela ngoFebruwari 2022, umboneleli wamandla u-E. I-ON okwangoku inikezela amaxabiso ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5.5 pence (malunga ne-7 cents) nge-kilowatt nganye. Akukho mazinga omvuzo amiselweyo phantsi kwe-SEG, ababoneleli banokunikezela ngamaxabiso amiselweyo okanye aguquguqukayo, nangona kunjalo, ngokutsho kwe-Energy Efficiency Trust, ixabiso kufuneka lihlale ngaphezulu kweqanda.
“Kumakhaya aneepaneli zelanga kunye nesiqinisekiso sobuchule bobuchwephesha, eLondon nakuMzantsi Mpuma weNgilani, apho abahlali bachitha ixesha elininzi besekhaya, begcina i-£385 [malunga ne-520 yeedola] ngonyaka, kunye nembuyekezo yeminyaka emalunga ne-16 [amanani. ilungiswe ngoNovemba ka-2021] inyanga]", utshilo uHorn.
Ngokutsho kukaHorn, iipaneli zelanga azigcini nje ukugcina amandla kwaye zenze imali kwinkqubo, zongeza ixabiso kwikhaya lakho. "Kukho ubungqina obucacileyo bokuba amakhaya anentsebenzo engcono yamandla athengisa ngamaxabiso aphezulu, kwaye iipaneli zelanga ziyingxenye ukuba ukusebenza.Ngokunyuka kwamaxabiso akutsha nje kwiimarike, impembelelo yeepaneli zelanga kumaxabiso ezindlu Kubonakala ngathi kukho ukugxila okwandisiweyo kwiindlela zokunciphisa imfuno yamandla kunye nokutshintshela kwimithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, "kusho uHorn. Ingxelo yeBritish Solar Trade Association yafumanisa ukuba iinkqubo zamandla elanga zinokunyusa ixabiso lentengiso yendlu nge-£ 1,800 (malunga ne-2,400 yeedola).
Kakade ke, i-solar ayilungile kuphela kwii-akhawunti zethu zebhanki, kodwa inceda ukunciphisa impembelelo eyingozi yoshishino lwamandla kwindawo yethu. yezinto ezikhutshwayo zehlabathi zizonke, ngokwe-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo yase-US.
Njengomthombo wamandla ozinzileyo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamandla, iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic zelanga zingathathi hlangothi kwaye zikhupha iigesi ze-greenhouse.Ngokutsho kwe-Energy Efficiency Trust, i-avareji yase-UK yokuphumeza inkqubo ye-PV inokugcina i-1.3 ukuya kwi-1.6 yeetoni ze-metric (1.43 ukuya kwi-1.76 tonnes) yekhabhoni ezikhutshwayo ngonyaka.
“Unokudibanisa i-PV yelanga kunye nobunye ubugcisa obunokuhlaziywa obufana neempompo zobushushu.Ezi teknoloji zisebenzisana kakuhle ngenxa yokuba i-PV yelanga ephumayo ngamanye amaxesha inika amandla ngokuthe ngqo ipompo yokufudumala, inceda ukunciphisa iindleko zokufudumeza, "utshilo u-Horn. wongeza.
Iiphaneli zeSolar PV azinayo imida kwaye ngelishwa ayizizo zonke izindlu ezihambelana nokufakelwa kwePV yelanga.
Olunye uqwalaselo kukuba ngaba ufuna imvume yokucwangcisa yokufakela inkqubo yePV yelanga.Izakhiwo ezikhuselweyo, amagumbi akumgangatho wokuqala kunye neendawo zokuhlala kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo zinokufuna imvume ngaphambi kokufakwa.
Imozulu inokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo ze-solar PV ukuvelisa umbane.Ngokutsho kwe-E.ON, nangona iipaneli zelanga ziya kuboniswa kwilanga elaneleyo lokuvelisa umbane, kubandakanywa neentsuku ezinamafu nobusika, kusenokungasoloko kukusebenza kakuhle kakhulu.
"Nokuba ingakanani na inkqubo yakho, awusoloko ukwazi ukuvelisa onke amandla owadingayo kwaye kufuneka uhambe kwigridi ukuyixhasa.Nangona kunjalo, unokuhlengahlengisa indlela owusebenzisa ngayo umbane, njengokusebenzisa izixhobo zombane ukuvelisa umbane emini xa zicinyiwe iipaneli,” utshilo uHorn.
Ukongeza kokufaka inkqubo ye-PV yelanga, kukho ezinye iindleko zokuqwalasela, ezifana nokugcinwa. ngokuthe ngqo ngoku.Ngokuhambelana newebhusayithi yokuthelekisa amandla iGreenMatch.co.uk, ezi ziguquli zinobomi obuphakathi kweminyaka emihlanu kunye ne-10. Ixabiso lokutshintshwa lingahluka ngomthengisi, nangona kunjalo, ngokwemigangatho yomzimba we-MCS (iSikimu seSiqinisekiso seMicro-Generation. ), oku kubiza i-£800 (~$1,088).
Ukufumana eyona ntengiso ilungileyo kwisixokelelwano selanga sePV yekhaya lakho kuthetha ukuthenga kwindawo yonke.Iindleko zinokwahluka phakathi kwabafakeli kunye neemveliso, kungoko sicebisa ukuba uqalise nawuphi na umsebenzi ukusuka ubuncinane Fumana iikowuti kubafaki abathathu,” ucetyise uHorn.” Inkqubo yoQinisekiso lweMicro Generation yeyona ndawo onokuthi uqalise kuyo xa ukhangela abafakeli abavunyiweyo kwindawo yakho,” Horn. watsho.
Akungabazeki ukuba impembelelo entle yendalo engqongileyo yeepaneli zelanga ifanelekile.Ngokubhekiselele kwimeko yazo yezemali, iinkqubo zePV zelanga zinamandla okugcina imali eninzi, kodwa ixabiso lokuqala liphezulu.Ikhaya ngalinye lihluke ngokubhekiselele kusetyenziso lwamandla. kunye nomthamo weepaneli zelanga, eziya kuthi ekugqibeleni zichaphazele ukuba yimalini onokuyigcina ngenkqubo ye-PV yelanga.Ukukunceda wenze isigqibo sakho sokugqibela, i-Energy Saving Trust ibonelela ngekhaltyhuleyitha eluncedo ukuqikelela ukuba ungasindisa kangakanani ngamandla elanga.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nombane wephaneli yelanga, ndwendwela i-UK Solar Energy kunye ne-Energy Savings Trust.Unokufumana kwakhona ukuba zeziphi iinkampani zamandla ezibonelela ngeelayisensi ze-SEG kolu luhlu oluluncedo oluvela ku-Ofgem.
UScott ungumbhali wabasebenzi kwi-How It Works magazine kwaye ubhale ngaphambili kwezinye iimpawu zesayensi kunye nolwazi olubandakanya i-BBC Wildlife Magazine, i-Animal World Magazine, i-space.com kunye ne-All About History magazine.U-Scott ubambe i-MA kwiNzululwazi kunye ne-Environmental Journalism kunye ne-BA kwi-Conservation Biology evela kwiYunivesithi yaseLincoln. Kuyo yonke imisebenzi yakhe yemfundo nobungcali, uScott ebebandakanyeka kwiiprojekthi zolondolozo lwendalo ezininzi, eziquka uphando lweentaka e-UK, ukujonga iingcuka eJamani kunye nokulandela ingwe eMzantsi Afrika.
I-Live Science yinxalenye ye-Future US Inc, iqela leendaba zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nomshicileli ohamba phambili wedijithali.Ndwendwela iwebhusayithi yenkampani yethu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-25-2022
